|
You are
here Biopharmaceutical/
Genomic
Glossary
Homepage > Molecular Biology term index
Molecular biology term index
Evolving Terminology for Emerging Technologies
Comments? Questions? Revisions?
Mary Chitty MSLS mchitty@healthtech.com
Last revised
July 03, 2019
Not a comprehensive
list of terms, but a quick and dirty finding aid while I'm working on getting
these glossaries into a (long overdue) searchable database.
How
to look for other unfamiliar terms
Ethics
Chemistry
term index Drug
discovery & development terms index Healthcare
term index Informatics terms index Technologies terms
index
Biology
Pharmaceutical active center, agonist, analog, antagonist,
antisense…aptamer, , binding…,deorphanize, drug leads, drug receptors, ,
efficacy, enzymes … epitope, homologue, hormone, ,inhibitors, intrinsic
activity, ligand, paratope, permeability, pharmacophores, prodrug, promiscuous
drugs, promiscuous inhibitors, receptors, recognition
site, selectivity, solubility, specificity, substrate
Biomolecules biological
macromolecules, biomolecular interactions, biomolecules, chemical compounds,
macromolecular…,micromolecules, mole, mol, molecular biology, molecular
weight, molecule, multimer, nucleic acid, nucleotide, oligo, oligomer,
oligonucleotides, phospholipids, polymers, proteins, purines, pyrimidine,
relative molecular mass, supramolecular
Cell biology
: Adenosine TriPhosphate ATP,
angiogenesis, apoptosis, cell ..., cellular ...,centromere, chromatin,
chromosome, cytogenetics, cytotoxic T Cell, dendritic cells, , developmental
biology, diploid, effector, endothelium, euchromatin, eukaryotes, exosomes, extracellular…,
fibroblasts, fusion, gamete, gene fusion, germ cells, haploid, heterochromatin,
Human Cell Atlas, human cloning, karyotype, library, lymphokines, lysis,
meiosis, mesenchymal, mesoderm, microvesicles, mitochondria, mitochondrion,
mitosis, morphometry, multicellular, Natural Killers cells NK Cells, Natural
Killer T Cells NKT, nucleus, organelles, ploidies, ploidy, programmed cell
death, prokaryotes, ribosomes, second messenger..., somatic cells, spliceosomes,
subcellular fractionation, T Cells, T Cell receptors, T helper, T Lymphocytes,
telomere, Toll Like Receptors TLRs, Tumor Necrosis Factor TNF, vesicles, virtual
cell
DNA catalytic
DNA, DNA forensics, double helix, EST Expressed Sequence Tag, genomic DNA,
intergenic DNA, intragenic DNA, intron, "junk DNA", mitochondrial DNA,
non-coding DNA, ORESTES, regulatory sequence, repetitive sequences, sticky
ends
DNA Sequences & beyond
3' ..., 5' ...,ATCG, adenine, base,
central dogma, cytosine, downstream, enhancer, exteins, genetic code, guanine,
inteins, LINES, promoter ..., protein ..., RNA ..., reading frames, reference
sequences, reverse transcription, SINES, sequence, splice..., splicing,
terminator..., thymine, transcription ..., translation, URF, UTR, upstream
Expression,
genes & more
analysis..., biological networks, diauxic shift, differential …,
downregulation, expression ..., gene clustering, gene expression, gene
expression regulation, gene shaving, genome expression, genome profiling, global
regulators, metagene, mRNA expression, molecular indexing, overexpression,
pathways,… protein expression ..., protein profiling, RNA expression, SAGE,
subtractive expression, transactivators, transcript..., transcription,
transcription factors, upregulation, whole genome expression
Functional
genomics
age, biochemical function, biological function, biological process,
comparative genomics, deductive genomics, function, functional ..., gene
function, genome function, Gene Ontology, genome function, homolog,
hypomorph, molecular function, ortholog, orthologous, paralog, positional
cloning, similarity, xenology, xenologous
Gene
definitions alternative exons, alternative
splicing, cDNA, cis…, cistron, coding…, constitutive exons, CpG islands, EST,
exons, gene ..., genetic structures, localize, locus, mobile genetic elements,
operon, ORF, ORFans, polycistronic, polygene, regulon, repressors, signal
peptide coding sequence, synteny, transcript clusters,
Gene categories antibody genes, candidate
genes, chimeric gene, constitutive genes, developmental genes, differentiated
genes, DNA library, DNA repair genes, essential genes, extranuclear genes, gene
components, gene library, genomic library, housekeeping genes, hypothetical
genes, intermediate early genes, immunoglobulin genes Ig, lethal genes, luxury
genes, microchondrial genes, nested genes, non-structural genes, nuclear gene,
operator genes, orphan genes, overlapping genes, parasitism genes, plasmid
genes, pleiotropic genes, pseudogenes, putative genes, regulator genes,
regulatory region, reporter genes, silent genes, split genes, structural genes,
suppressor genes, virulence genes
Genomic
biology overview
Basic
genetics & genomics
Genomics biocomplexity, completed genomes,
complex ..., EMBL, genetic architecture, , genome ..., genomic ..., HUGO, Human
Genome Project, Joint Genome Initiative, Mendelian genetics, monogenic, NHGRI,
optogenetics, “parts list”, penetrance, phenotype, phenotyping, polygenic,
post-genomic, RIKEN, Sanger, whole genome...
Genomics
categories agricultural genomics, applied genomics, combinatorial,
environmental, food, forward genetics, forward genomics, genome
transplantation, genomics, high- throughput, industrial, intergenomics,
metagenome, metagenomics, microbial genome, paleogenomics, phage,
quantitative, subtractive genomics
Glycosciences
carbohydrate..., glycoarrays, glycobioinformatics, glycobiology,
glycoconjugates, glycodendrimers, glycoengineering, glycogenomics,
glycolipids, glycome, glycomics, glycomimetics, glyconanotechnology,
glyconomics, glycopeptides, glycoscience, glycosylation, glycotechnology,
lectins, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, proteoglycans, SAAH Sugar
Amino Acid Hybrids, saccharides
Maps
genomic & genetic 2D gel maps,
BAC maps, bottom up, cell mapping maps, chromosomal maps mapping, clone based
maps, CNV map, comparative genome mapping, contig maps, cosmid maps,
cytogenetic maps, disease maps, epigenome maps, epitope mapping,, evolutionary
genetics, expression map mapping, functional maps, gene expression map, gene map
mapping, genetic linkage map, genetic map, genome control maps, genome map
mapping, genomic cartography, genomic maps mapping, haplotype map, HapMap, high
density maps, high dimensional brain mapping, high resolution ..., International
HapMap, linkage maps, localizome mapping, locus, macrorestriction map, mapping
technologies, maps, markers, molecular interaction maps, nucleotide mapping,
peptide mapping, phenome mapping maps, , physical mapping maps, protein
expression map mapping, protein interaction mapping, protein linkage maps,
proteome maps, QTL mapping, RFLP, radiation hybrid mapping, receptor mapping,
resolution, restriction mapping, SNP maps, SSR, STS…, tandem repeats, top down,
transcript maps, transcriptome maps, YAC maps
Metabolic
profiling
biochemical ..., Biopathways BioPAX, cellular
pathways, cell signaling, disproportionate drug metabolite, gene regulatory
pathways in vitro screens – drug metabolism, metabolic engineering, metabolic
…., metabolism, metabolite…, metabolon, molecular networks, network… pathways
..., phenotype profiling, reaction phenotyping, signal transduction, signaling
pathways
Model & other organisms
amoeba, animal model, Arabidopsis, C. elegans,
congenic mice, Dictyostelium discoideum, disease models, Drosophila, e. , fly,
fruit fly, frog, Gene Ontology, GMO, knockout …, model organisms, mouse,
Muridae, murine, Pichia, rat rates Norvegicus, Saccharomyces cerevisae,
transgenic…, virtual organism, worm…, Xenopus, yeast, zebrafish
Nomenclature,
genes, proteins & species: carbohydrate, chemicals InCHi Chemical identifier, clone, drug,
enzyme, gene, human gene, model organisms, post-genomic, protein, species, uBio
-Omes
and -omics alleome, allergenome, allergenomics,
bibliome, bibliomics, biome, biomics, cellome, cellomics, chaperome, CHOmics,
chromatinomics, chromonome, complexome, connectome, cross-omics, cytome,
cytomics, degradome, degradomics, diagnomics, epigenomics, exome, exposome,
expressome, fluxome, fluxomics, foldome, fragmentome, fragmentomics….,functome,
functomics, hemostaseome, hygienomics, ignorome, immunome, immunomics,
immunoproteomics, incidentalome, nflammasome, ignorome, integromics,
interactome, kinome, kinomics, ligandome, ligandomics, lipidome, lipidomics,
localizome, membranome, metabolome, metabolomics, metabonome, metabonomics,
metallome, metallomics, metaproteomics, methylome, methylomics, microbiome,
mitochondriomics, metagenomics, morphome, morphomics, neurogenome, nucleome,
-omes, -omics, oncogenomics, operome, operomics, ORFeome, ORFeomics, parasitome,
pathome, pathomics, peptalbiomics, peptidome, peptidomics, pharmacogenome,
pharmacomethylomics, pharmacophylogenomics, pharmanome, phenome, phenomics,
phosphatome, Physiome, physiomics, physionomics, post-translatomics,
promoterome, proteogenomics, pseudogenome, pseudogenomics, psychiatome,
regulome…, relevant me, resourceome, ribosomics, ridiculome, Rnome, RNomics,
robotgenomics, secretome, secretomics, separomics, signalome, somatonome,
strainomics, strainomics, targetomics, toponomics, toxicomics, toxome,
transcriptome, transcriptomics, transductome, transgenome, , translatome,
transportome, unfoldome, unfoldomics, unknome, vaccinome, vaccinomics, variome,
variomics, VeloceGenomics, viromics,
Phylogenomics
automated phylogenomics, cenancestor, clade, cladistics, evolutionary ...,
genome prospecting, horizontal gene transfer, lateral genomics, molecular
phylogenetics, molecular taxonomy, monophyletic, phylogenetic ...,
phylogenomics, phyloinformatics, phylome, positional homology, punctuated
equilibrium, rooted gene trees, species, subtree..., super- orthologs,
systematics, ultra- paralogs
Proteins amino acid…, amino terminus …,
cell surface receptors, characterization protein, C-terminus carboxyl
terminus…,inclusion bodies, interleukins, lymphokines, methylation, N-terminus,
peptides, peptidome, phosphorylation, poly A, polyadenylation,
post-translational modifications, prenylation, primary structure, proteasome,
protein transport, proteins…., residue
Protein
categories antifreeze proteins, basic proteins, carrier proteins, cellular
proteins, chemokines, chromosome proteins, chimera protein, constitutive
proteins, complex proteins, cytokines, designer proteins, DNA binding proteins,
factitious proteins, fibrous proteins, fluorescent proteins, full-length
proteins, fusion proteins, gatekeeper proteins, globular proteins,
glycoproteins, GTP-binding proteins, heat shock proteins, growth factors,
housekeeping proteins, hub proteins, hyperthermal proteins, hypothetical
proteins, immediate-early proteins, immunoglobulin iG, integral membrane
proteins, interferons, low abundance proteins, luxury proteins, membrane
proteins, membrane transport proteins, mitochondrial proteins, molecular
chaperones, moonlighting proteins, mosaic proteins, naked proteins, nuclear
proteins, nucleoproteins, oligomeric proteins, orphan proteins, peripheral
membrane proteins, peripheral proteins, polypeptides, polyproteins, probable
proteins, proteases, protein complex, protein RNA interactions, putative
proteins, recombinant proteins, regulatory proteins, repressor proteins, RING
finger proteins, secreted proteins, structural homology protein, structural
proteins, transport proteins, truncation, ubiquitin’s, wild-type proteins, zinc
finger proteins
Protein
structures 3D protein structures, aggregation, domain ..., fold ...,
misfolding, motif, multi-domain proteins, multimeric, native state, peptide ...,
protein domains, protein families, protein folding…, protein sequence, protein
structure, protein superfamilies, quaternary, secondary, tertiary protein
structures
adult stem cells, cancer stem cells, cell
differentiation, cell research, cell therapies, chronmatinomics,
differentiation, embryonic stem cells, enucleated, fetal stem cells,
hematopoiesis, human embryonic stem cells, human induced pluripotent stem cells,
induced pluripotent stem cells iPS, mesenchymal stem cells, mesoderm,
multipotent stem cells, neoplastic stem cells, neural stem cells, nuclear
transfer, pluripotent stem cells, progenitor cells, quiescence, Somatic Cell
Nuclear Transfer SCNT, stem cells, stemness, totipotent, unipotent
Proteomics:
bait, cellular proteome, complete proteome, dissociator assays,
homointeraction, HUPO , NHLBI Proteomics Core, perturbagens, plasma
proteome, , proteome..., proteomic proteomics ..., reverse two hybrid,
subproteomes, targeted proteomics, two-hybrid, whole proteome interaction
mining, yeast- one two three hybrid
Proteomics categories:
applied proteomics, bottom-up proteomics, computational proteomics,
differential, functional proteomics, location proteomics, ,
microproteomics, molecular proteomics, phosphoproteomics, physiological
proteomics, predictive proteomics, quantitative proteomics quantitative
proteomics, regulatory proteome, , reverse proteomics, , shotgun
proteomics, structural proteomics, subproteomics, , targeted, proteomics,
tissue proteomics, top down proteomics, toponomics,
RNA
alternative RNA splicing, amplified antisense RNA
aRNA, antisense RNA, catalytic RNA cRNA, codon, complementary RNA, DNA directed
RNA polymerase, ds, extracellular RNA exRNA, hairpin ribozymes , hammerhead
ribozymes, initiator codon, lariat RNAs, lincRNAs, messenger RNA mRNA, microRNA
miRNA, non-coding RNA ncRNA, pRNA, post=-transcriptional RNA processing,
precursor RNA, pre-mRNA splicing, retroviruses, ribonome, ribonomics,
ribonucleic acid RNA, riboproteomics, riboregulatin, ribosomal …,ribotyping,
ribozymes, Ribonucleic acid RNA, RNAi RNA interference, RNAI
mitochondrial, rRNA genes, scRNA,
Short hairpin RNA shRNA, Small interfering RNA siRNA, Small number RNA snRNA,
Small Nucleolar RNA snoRNA, Small Temporal RNA stRNA, start codon, terminator
codon, transferRNA tRNA, trans-splicing…, uracil
Sequences DNA & beyond: 3” [prime]
…5’ [prime]…, adenine, amino acid sequence, ATCG, attenuator, base, base
pair bps,, central dogma…, cis-acting sequences, cytosine, ds, downstream,
enhancer…,genetic code, genomic sequence, guanine, human sequence,
inteins, interspersed repetitive sequence, LINES, LTR, locus control
region, ORF Open Reading Frame, operator regions, promoter…, protein
splicing, reading frames, reference sequences, retroelements,
retrotransposons, reverse transcription, SINES, sequence, silencer
elements transcriptional, splice…, splicing, template, terminal repeat
sequences, terminator…, trans-acting factors, transcription…,
translation…, transposons, URF, UTR, upstream
SNPs & other genetic
variations
allele…, allelic, anonymous SNPs, association studies,
bi-allelic, biological variation, candidate gene studies, candidate SNPs, CEPH,
chimerism, coding SNPs, common variants, complex trait, Copy Number
Polymorphisms CNP, copy number variations CNV, correlation studies, DNA
fingerprinting, DNA foot printing, DNA ligase enzymes, deletions, di-allelic,
direct approach, duplication, endonucleases, epiallele, epigenetic…, epigenome,
epigenomics, epigenotype, epistasis, expression SNPs, exon skipping, exon SNPS,
founder populations, frame-shift mutation, functional variants, gene based
SNPs, gene disease associations, genetic drift, genetic variation….,
haploinsufficiency, haplotype blocks, Hardy Weinberg law, heritability, Human
Genome Variation Society, idiomorphism, indels, informative polymorphisms,
insertion, intra-genic sequence variants, intron SNPs, leaky mutation, linkage…,
loss of function mutation, markers, microsatellite…,minisatellite repeats, ,
missense mutation, mosaicism, multifactorial…, multigenic, multiple alleles,
mutation…, negative selection, neutral mutation, nonsense mutation,
non-synonymous SNPs, nucleotide diversity, mull mutation, oligogenic, phenocopy,
pleitropism pleiotropy, point mutations, polygenic, polymorphisms, population
genetics, population genomics, promoter SNPs, protein polymorphisms, protein
variations, random genome wide association studies, reassortment, recombinant,
regional scanning, regulatory SNPs, repeats, restriction analysis, restriction
enzymes . ribotyping, satellite, scanning, scoring, segregation, Single Amino
Acid Polymorphisms SAAPs, Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms SNPs, slightly
deleterious alleles, SNP haplotypes, SNP human, splice variants, SSCP, SSEP,
STRs, structural variants, STSS, suppression, synonymous SNP, rag SNPs, tandem
repeats, tri-allelic, variants, VNTRs, whole genome duplication, wild-type
Stem
cells: adult stem cells, cancer stem
cells, cell differentiation, cell research, cell therapies, chronmatinomics,
differentiation, embryonic stem cells, enucleated, fetal stem cells,
hematopoiesis, human embryonic stem cells, human induced pluripotent stem cells,
induced pluripotent stem cells iPS, mesenchymal stem cells, mesoderm,
multipotent stem cells, neoplastic stem cells, neural stem cells, nuclear
transfer, pluripotent stem cells, progenitor cells, quiescence, Somatic Cell
Nuclear Transfer SCNT, stem cells, stemness, totipotent, unipotent
Biology
Resources
Genomics Conferences http://www.healthtech.com/Conferences/Search.aspx?k=&r=&s=GENS
Genomics CDs, DVDs http://www.healthtech.com/Conferences/CompactDiscSearch.aspx?k=&r=&s=GENS
How
to look for other unfamiliar terms
|
