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Biopharmaceutical Technologies Term Index
Evolving Terminologies for Emerging Technologies
Comments? Questions? Revisions? Mary Chitty  mchitty@healthtech.com
Last revised January 09, 2020



This is not comprehensive list of terms, but a quick and dirty finding aid while I'm working on getting these glossaries into a (long overdue) searchable database     
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Biomaterials , medical devices & bioengineering  501K, additive manufacturing, bioartificial organs, biocompatible..., biocomposite, biodynotics, bioelectronics, bioengineering, biofabrication, bioinks, biological engineering, biological printing,  biomaterials, biomechanics, biomedical engineering,  biomimetic, biomolecular..., biomotors, bionics, bioplastic, biopolymers, bioprinting, biorelated polymers, biorobotics, bone substitutes, Center for Devices & Radiological Health CDRH, databases medical device approvals FDA, electroceuticals, hydrogels, implant, infusion pump, Materials Markup Language MatML, materials science,  medical devices, Medical Device User Fee and Modernization Act MDUFA, molecular elf assembly, molecularly imprinted polymers MIPs, nanobiomaterials, neuromodulation, neurostimulation, organ printing, patient monitoring, plastic, polymer, positional control, , Pre-Market Approval PMA, prosthesis, scaffolds,  self- assembly smart materials, smart polymers, software as a medical device, software precertification digital health, tissue constructs bioprinted, wearable technology, wearables,   

Cell & tissue technologies : artificial cells, artificial chromosomes, Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes BAC, biobanking, biological specimen banks, biopreservation, biorepository, biospecimen, cell chips, cell fusion, cell microarrays, cell sorting, cellular  engineering, cellular imaging, cellular models 3D, cellular reprogramming, chromosome microdissection, chromosome painting, Comparative Genomic Hybridization CGH, cryobiology, cryoelectron…, cryonics,  dielectrophoresis, diffuse  tensor imaging, electron tomography, electrorotation, Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting FACS, flow cytometry, genotype tissue expression, heterogenous transplantation, human tissue engineered product, hybridoma, image cytometry, immortalizing oncogene, immunohistochemistry, Laser Capture Microdissection LCM, laser tweezers, Library of Integrated Network Based Cellular Signature s LINCs, lymphochip, microimaging, microspectrophotometry, microitissues, models biological, Near Infrared Spectroscopy NIR, optical mapping, optical trapping, optical tweezers, organ-on-a-chip, organotypic…, , patch clamping, photobleaching, plasmids, single cell ..., site-directed mutagenesis, somatic cell hybrids,  sonocytology, spheroids, synthetic biology, synthetic lethal screening, tissue array…, tissue banking, tissue engineering, tissue microarrays, tissue microdissection, transfection, vector, white biotechnology,   xenograph, xenotransplantation, Yeast Artificial Chromosomes YACs  

Chromatography & electrophoresis 2D, affinity chromatography, capillary ..., CE-MS, CIEF, carrier ampholytes, chromatography, DGGE, dHPLC, dielectrophoresis, electrophoresis, EBA, frontal affinity chromatography, gel electrophoresis, gel shift, glass CE, HPLC, IEF, IPG,IPG-DALT,  ISO-DALT, immobilized…, immunoprecipitation, in gel protein digestion,  isoelectric point, liquid chromatography LC, microcapillary electrophoresis, microscale HPLC, multidimensional chromatography NEPHGE, PAGE, pI,, pulsed field gel electrophoresis,  SDS PAGE, SFC, tandem chromatography, two D DIGE, two D gel electrophoresis, two dimensional Difference gel electrophoresis,  zoom gels

Genomic & Proteomic Manipulation & Disruption  these have mostly moved to Genomic and Protein technologies

Genomic Technologies  allosteric ribozymes, Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes, base editing, chromatin immunoprecipitation, clone…, cloning…,Clustered Regulatory Interspersed Short Palindromic repeats,  conditional knockout, Cre-lox, CRISPR, CRISPR/Cas9, DNA nanotechnology, DNA shuffling, embryonic lethal trait, exon trapping, forward  genetics, forward genomics, functional genomics technologies, gene disruption, gene editing,  gene knockout, gene library, gene manipulation, gene shuffling, gene silencing, gene suppression gene trapping, genetic engineering, Genetic Perturbation Platform, genetic recombination, genetic vector, genome editing, Genome Technology Program, genomewide knockdowns, genomic library, genomic measurements,  insertional mutagenesis, knockdown, knockin, knockout…, molecular evolution, molecular evolution directed, morpholinos, mutagenesis,  Post transcriptional Gene Silencing, recombinant DNA, recombinant DNA technology, restriction endonucleases, reverse genetics, reverse genomics, ribosome display, RNAi RNA interference,  RNA silencing, saturation mutagenesis second site mutations, SELEX, spielgimer  See also Microarrays   PCR    Sequencing

Labels, signaling, & detection  actuators, avidin, bioluminescence, biosensor, biotinylation, chemiexcitation, chemiluminescence, colorimetry, detector technologies, differential labeling, dyes,  electrochemical, electrochemistry, electronic nose, electronic tongue, fluorescence, FRAP, FRET, green fluorescent protein, ICAT, isothermal,  label, label free, luminescence, luminometer, molecular biosensors, molecular combing, nanolabels, photoexcitation, quantum dot, quencher, quenching, reactant, SPR, scintillation,  sensor…, signal… staining & labeling, streptavidin, tag, tracer, transducer, Tyramide Signal Amplification TSA, transducer 

Mass spectrometry  accelerator MS, affinity MS, biomolecular interaction analysis MS, bottom-up MS, CE-MS, CIEF, CID, desorptionization MS, ESI ElectroSpray Ionization MS, ESI-TOF, Fast Atom Bombardment MS, Flow Injection Analysis, hyphenated techniques, ion trap MS, LC/MS, MALDI Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization MS, MALDI-TOF, mass analysis, mass spec imaging, mass spec informatics, mass spectrometers, mass spectrometry, mass spectrum analysis, mass to charge ratio m/z, Multi-Isotope Imaging MS, multiple MS, nanoelectrospray MS, neutral, Peptide Mass fingerprinting, pyrolysis MS, quadrupole ion trap, quadrupole mass analyzer, SEQUEST, Secondary Ion MS, Selected Reaction Monitoring SRM, soft ionization techniques, tandem MS, TOF Time- Of- Flight MS, top-down MS, triple quadrupole

Microarrays & protein chips  applications microarrays, array technology,  arrays, blotting, cross-hybridization, data analysis microarrays , deprotection, density of microarrays, DNA microarray, fluorescence   scanning, ink- jetting, -lab-on-a-chip, mask, matrix, measurement error,  microarrays… ,  microspotting, micron, microwell chips, Northern blotting, phosphoimagers,  photolithography, printing, probes - microarray, protein microarrays, scanning technologies, Southern blotting, spots, spotting robots, Stokes shift, substrates, Western blotting
Microarray & protein chip categories antibody microarrays, bead arrays, biochips, bioelectronic arrays, boutique arrays, cDNA arrays microarrays, CGH arrays, chips, chromatin array, DNA arrays, DNA chips microarrays, DNA microchip, exon arrays, filter arrays, gene arrays microarrays, genome arrays, genome chips, genomic microarrays , glycochips, GPCR microarrays, high density oligonucleotide arrays, hybridization arrays, in  situ arrays, in situ synthesis,  lab- on- a- chip, macroarrays, microarrays, microchip ….,o microelectronic arrays, microfluidic based  chips, multiplex DNA hybridization arrays, nylon microarrays, oligo arrays, oligonucleotide arrays, planar arrays, protein arrays, protein biochips, proteome chip, reverse microarrays, RNA biochip, small molecule microarrays, SNP chips, spotted arrays microarrays  substrate chips, suspension arrays, synthetic DNA arrays, theme arrays, theme arrays, tiling arrays, transcript arrays, ultra-high density macroarrays universal arrays, universal microarrays, whole genome oligonucleotide arrays

Microscopy atomic force microscopy AFM, coherent anti-stokes Raman Scattering CARs microscopy, confocal microscopy, Confocal Scanning Laser Scanning Microscopy, electron microscopy, FLIM,   fluorescence microscopy, immuno-electron microscopy, ion microscopy, laser ..., Magnetic Resonance…, microscopy, multi-photon excitation fluorescence microscopy, multiphoton fluorescence microscopy, Near field scanning optical microscopy NSOM, Scanning Electron Microscopy SEM,  Scanning Force Microscopy, STEM, STM, telemicroscopy, Total Internal Reflectance Fluorescence Microscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy TEM, Two Photon Laser Scanning Fluorescence Microscopy, virtual microscopy, x-ray microscopy

Molecular Imaging  : 2 photon, biphotonic, CCD ..., circular dichroism, cryoelectron tomography, fiber optics, fibre optics, Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy, fluorescence spectrometry, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging fMRI, imaging..., infrared spectroscopy, laser ..., Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRI, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, molecular imaging, National Alliance for Medical Image Computing NAMIC, nanophotonics, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering NIBIB, nuclear medicine, optical biosensors, optoelectronics, optoelectrronics, photon, photonics, Positron Emission Tomography PET, probe, quantum [of radiation],Raman ..., scanning ..., Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography SPECT, spectrophotometry, spectrometry, spectroscopy, structural MRI,  tomography, tractography, tunable lasers, wavelets,

Nanoscience & miniaturization BioMEMS, bionanotechnology, bottom-up nanotechnology, cantilever, carbon nano…, dendrimer, femtoengineering,  MEMS, metal nanoshells, microbubbles, microchemistry, microelectronics, microengineering, microfabrication, microfiltration microfluidics, microgel, microinjection, micromachines, micromachining, micron, microparticles, microstructures, microsystems, microTas, miniaturization,  molecular electronics, molecular nanotechnology, molecular robotics, nano, nanobiotechnology, nanodevices, nanoelectromechanical Systems NEMs, nanochemistry, nanocomposites, nanocomputer, nanocrystals,  nanoengineering, nanofabrication, nanofiltration, nanoimprinting, nanomaterials, nanometals, nanomotors, , nanophysics, nanopore, nanopositioning, nanoscience, nanoshells, nanospheres,  nanostructures, nanotechnology,  nanotubes, National Nanotechnology Initiative, OEIS, peptide nanotubes, picoengineering, piconewtons, positional assembly, quantum dots, quantum nanoscience, rapid prototype, self-replication, SED, universal constructor, uTAS

NMR & X-ray crystallography  2D 3D  4D  NMR, beamline, bicelles, chemical shift, COSY, cryogenic probe, crystallography, Dalton, FT-NMR, flexible linkages, free induction decay, hrMAS, high field NMR, high pressure NMR, HR DOSY, hyphenated techniques, IMCAT, isotope, J coupling, KD, macromolecular crystallography,  LC-NMR, MAD, Magic Angle Spinning MAS, mmCIF, multi-dimensional NMR, NMR…,  neutron crystallography, neutron scattering, NOE, NOESY, phasing techniques, protein crystallography, pulse sequence, pulsed field gradients, relaxation, residual dipolar coupling, resonance assignments, ROESY, SAR by NMR, site-directed NMR, site specific screening, solid state NMR, solution based techniques, spin… SQUIDs, , synchrotrons, TOCSY, TROESY, TROSY, triple resonance NMR, x-ray crystallography, x-ray diffraction

PCR  absolute quantification, agglutination PCR, amplicon, amplification, amplimer, anneal, branched DNA…, competitive hybridization, competitive PCR, digital PCR,  dMIQE guidelines, DNA amplification, DNA probes, end-point, FISH, gene amplification, heteroduplex analysis, hot-start, hybridization…, immunoPCR, in situ hybridization, Jurassic Park and PCR, kinetic RT-PCR, LCR, miniaturization of PCR, multiplex, NASBA, non-competitive RT-PCR, nucleic acid ..., PNA, polymerase chain reaction PCR…, polymerase DNA/RNA,   primer…, probes, quantitative PCR, quantitative RT-PCR, RAPD, real time PCR, relative quantification, reverse transcriptases, RCA,  RT-PCR, SBH, signal amplification methods, stringency, Taq polymerase, TaqMan, target, template, whole genome amplification

Protein technologies   2D gel electrophoresis, bacteriophage, bait, carbohydrate chips/microarrays, cDNA phage display, , co-immunoprecipitation, combinatorial biology, co-precipitation, depletion,  directed protein evolution, glycoarrays, glycoprotein microarrays, , intrabodies, ICAT, molecular motors, peptide aptamers, peptide arrays, Peptide Mass Fingerprinting PMF, peptide sequencing, phage, phage display, photoaptamers, prefractionation, protein arrays, protein capture reagents, protein chips,  protein engineering, protein inhibition, protein knockouts, protein localization, protein microarrays,  proteolysis   proteomics technologies,  self-assembling biomolecular materials, subcellular localization, translation, yeast display  See also BioprocessinMass Spectrometry   Microarrays & Protein chips   NMR & X-ray Crystallography

Sequencing  clinical genomic sequencing,  de novo sequencing, deep sequencing, exome sequencing,  genotype, genotyping, GWAS Genome Wide Association Sequencing, haplogroups,  haplotype, haplotyping, immunosequencing, Maxam Gilbert  & Sanger sequencing, microsequencing, minisequencing, multilocus sequence typing, nanopore sequencing, next generation sequencing, NGS informatics, optical mapping, pathogen sequencing, published working drafts - Human Genome, resequencing, RNA seq, sequencing  …, shotgun sequencing, single cell sequencing, third generation sequencing, transcriptome sequencing, ultra-deep sequencing, viral genotyping,  whole exome sequencing, whole genome sequencing, whole genome shotgun sequencing 

Stem cells  adult stem cells, cancer stem cells, cell differentiation, cell research, cell therapies, chronmatinomics, differentiation, embryonic stem cells, enucleated, fetal stem cells, hematopoiesis, human embryonic stem cells, human induced pluripotent stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells iPS, mesenchymal stem cells, mesoderm, multipotent stem cells, neoplastic stem cells, neural stem cells, nuclear transfer, pluripotent stem cells, progenitor cells, quiescence, Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer SCNT, stem cells, stemness, totipotent, unipotent

Technologies overview biodefense, biofuels, circular dielectric spectroscopy, sexy technologies

Ultrasensitivity -- biopharmaceutical attomole, femtomole, mol, mole, nano, picomole, single molecule detection ultrasensitive, yoctomole, zeptomole 

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